About 15,000 teachers protested on Saturday morning outside the cabinet building to demand higher wages and benefits, and the dismissal of the education minister.
Protesters said they intended to stage a general strike on the first day of the academic year, scheduled for 17 September.
Hundreds of teachers staged marches in the streets of Cairo, carrying banners that read: "No progress for a nation where a teacher is humiliated", before joining the demonstrators in front of the cabinet.
The rally caused sever traffic congestion in Qasr al-Aini Street.
Teachers from various governorates including Monufiya, Fayoum, Alexandria, Beheira and North and South Sinai participated.
The Muslim Brotherhood and Muslim Brotherhood-linked education movements, such Teachers Without a Syndicate Movement, had a strong presence in the demonstration.
The Independent Teachers' Union estimated the number of movements participating at 250.
Abdel Nasser Ali, representing Teachers Without a Syndicate Movement, said the protest showed the Ministry of Education teachers' ability to organize themselves and unite their demands.
Translated from the Arabic Edition