President Donald Trump surprised congressional leaders when he suddenly suggested he was open to broad immigration reform. But while there is appetite on Capitol Hill for legislation, there is also skepticism, and the president's hard-line rhetoric over the past two years could make a compromise bill much harder.
Trump signaled a potential shift on Tuesday in a private meeting with news anchors. He told them he was open to legislation that would give legal status to some people living in the US illegally and provide a pathway to citizenship to those brought to the US illegally as children.
Those private comments raised expectations that he might make a similar call in his prime-time address. Instead, Trump pledged to vigorously target people living in the US illegally who "threaten our communities" and prey on "innocent citizens," words similar to his campaign speeches.
The mixed messaging underscored the uncertainty about the president's intentions, and drew a mixed reaction on Capitol Hill. While some in his party could welcome a new push for comprehensive immigration reform, it's far from clear exactly what that might entail. Trump spent his campaign whipping his supporters into a frenzy on the issue, painting a picture of a nation overrun by violent people living here illegally, committing crimes and stealing American jobs.
That's left many Democrats skeptical and Republicans on both sides of the issue appearing to hear what they want.
"I hope that it opens the door for comprehensive immigration reform, which we obviously feel is vital," said Republican Sen. John McCain of Arizona, who was a member of the so-called Gang of Eight that spearheaded a 2013 immigration bill that ultimately failed after passing the Senate.
Sen. Jeff Flake, another Gang of Eight member, said he was encouraged by Trump's remarks — less in the speech than what came out earlier. He said the time was ripe for action, despite Trump's past rhetoric denouncing "illegal amnesty."
"Only Nixon could go to China, I think there are parallels there," said Flake. That was a reference to President Richard Nixon's 1972 meeting with Mao Zedong, now a political metaphor for a leader taking an action that his supporters would typically condemn if taken by someone from another party.
Flake suggested that Trump could "come out and say, 'All right, we've got to solve this. We're not going to deport 11 million people. There are people out there afraid. … Why don't we get something we can agree on? Now's the time."
But GOP Rep. Ken Buck heard something else. He says Trump "was very clear that he wants to secure the border, he wants to make sure that we are deporting criminal aliens and he gave some very vivid examples of the dangers of having people in this country who should be removed, have been removed and have come back."
"I did not hear him mention anything about comprehensive immigration reform, I have never heard him say anything about that," Buck added.
White House Press Secretary Sean Spicer said Wednesday that any legislation would have to be on Trump's terms.
"He recognizes that a solution, a comprehensive solution, has eluded our nation for a long time. And it's a big problem. And if he can get it consistent with his principles he will," Spicer said.
Trump campaigned as an immigration hard-liner, vowing to build a wall along the US-Mexico border and step up deportations. Since taking office, he has hewed closely to those promises, signing an order aimed at suspending the US refugee program and subjecting all immigrants in the country illegally to possible deportation if they are charged or convicted of any offense, or even suspected of a crime.
Trump did say during the campaign that he was open to "softening" his position — and some who met with him privately were convinced at times that he was going to move in that direction. But he ultimately landed where he started, declaring in September that under his presidency there would be "no legal status or becoming a citizen of the United States by illegally entering our country."
"People will know that you can't just smuggle in, hunker down and wait to be legalized," he said then. "Those days are over."
Trump's vacillations are nothing new. During the campaign, he routinely said that while the "bad guys" would have to go, he would eventually find a mechanism to let the "good" immigrants stay. In a high-profile campaign immigration speech Trump kicked the can down the road, saying that once the borders were secure and a new immigration system in place, he would "be in a position to consider the appropriate disposition of those who remain."
Roy Beck, the president and CEO of NumbersUSA, a non-profit that advocates for reduced immigration, said that while Trump's comments appear contradictory, comprehensive immigration reform doesn't necessarily mean to Trump what it has meant in the past. Still, he said, Trump is walking a fine line on an issue that helped drive him to the White House.
"He cannot lose the moral high ground that he has on that issue. So he's got to be very careful to avoid alienating his supporters," Beck said. "But that's not to say there's not room for some maneuvering and flexibility."
However, conservatives including Rep. Steve King of Iowa caution Trump against pursuing broad immigration legislation, calling it a "trap."
"Comprehensive is the code word for amnesty, and everyone knows that by now," King said. He also said going in that direction could swiftly alienate core GOP supporters.
"If it's not going to be a promise kept on immigration, the base will be gone."
